Sulla Via del Catai - Nr. 22, Maggio 2020 |
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Nr. 22, Maggio 2020 FLORA E GIARDINI Influssi e suggestioni nei secoli tra Cina e Occidente a cura di Maurizio Paolillo
Pagine: 160 Illustrazioni: 110 ISSN 1970-344-9 Prezzo: euro 20,00 Prezzo: Web € 15,00 soci € 10,00
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Description
FLORA E GIARDINI INFLUSSI E SUGGESTIONI NEI SECOLI TRA CINA E OCCIDENTE Sfoglia le prime pagine INDEX INTRODUZIONE PAOLILLO, Maurizio - Università degli Studi di Napoli "l'Orientale" IL PARADISO A ORIENTE E LE SUE PIANTE : una premessa pag.11 THE PARADISE IN THE EAST AND ITS PLANTS: an introduction Read PAOLILLO, Maurizio - Università degli Studi di Napoli "l'Orientale" IL COLLEZIONISTA ASSENTE Le Note sulle specie botaniche nella dimora montana di Pingquan di Li Deyu (787-850) pag.25 The Absent Collector: Notes on the botanical species in the Pingquan mountain house by Li Deyu (787-850) Abstract: This paper presents the activity of Li Deyu (787-850), statesman and literatusin the Late Tang period, as a connoisseur of plant species, through the first Italian translation of his Pingquan shanju caomu ji 平泉山居草木記, a prose short text about his Pingquan villa (Pingquan zhuang 平泉莊), located near to Luoyang. This source conceals many problems for the translator, particularly for the difficulties in the identification of some botanical terms. It reveals the feverish experience as a collector of rare specimens of Li Deyu, who later was criticized for his excesses, but also remembered for his exile and the impossibility to enjoy his beautiful country estate; but it is also useful for the information about the geographical origin of the plants collected in Pingquan. Read KUBO, Teruyuki - Zhejiang Gongshang University THE CULTIVATION AND SELECTIVE BREEDING OF HERBACEOUS PEONY IN PRE-MODERN CHINA La coltivazione e la riproduzione selettiva della peonia erbacea nella Cina premoderna * pag. 45 Abstract: Shaoyao 芍藥, la peonia erbacea (Paeonia lactiflora, da non confondersi con la peonia arborea, mudan 牡丹, Paeonia suffruticosa), è in Cina una delle piante dalla storia più longeva. Il termine appare già nel Libro delle Odi (Shijing 詩經), anche se potrebbe qui riferirsi a un’altra specie botanica. L’uso medico della peonia erbacea è attestato in fonti del periodo Han. A partire dalle dinastie Wei e Jin, la peonia shaoyao è stata elogiata dalla poesia per la sua bellezza; durante il periodo dei Song settentrionali, la sua coltivazione fu particolarmente diffusa a Yangzhou, e apparvero dei trattati, opera di intellettuali come Liu Ban, Wang Guan, Kong Wuzhong e Ai Chou. Questo studio cerca di indagare soprattutto la datazione di tali opere, il loro contenuto e la figura dei loro autori, con l’intento di chiarire la storia culturale della peonia erbacea in Cina. Read ZANINI, Livio - Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia PIANTE E ROCCE IN VASO. IL PENJING IN UN DIPINTO DELLA DINASTIA MING pag.69 Plants and rock in pot. Penjing in a Ming Dinasty painting. Abstract: The article examines the twelve depictions of penjing, ‘pot sceneries’, in a handscroll by the Ming dynasty Suzhou painter Zhou Zhimian (active late 16th-early 17th century). The first part of the article offers some background information on the figure of Zhou Zhimian, the artistic tradition to which he belonged and the particular painting technique he used in the depictions of plants and flowers. The second part analyses the subjects portrayed in the hand-scroll, endeavouring to recognise the plant species and their other constitutive elements, making a comparison with those prescribed in Ming treatises and used in the modern practice of penjing. The conclusion discusses the peculiarities of this painting and its relevance for the study of the history of penjing in China. Read BARBERA, Giuseppe - Università degli Studi di Palermo IL LUNGO VIAGGIO DEGLI AGRUMI DALLA CINA AL MEDITERRANEO pag. 89 The long journey of citrus fruits from China to the Mediterranean Abstract: The Yunnan region in southwestern China is believed to be the native habitat and diversification center of the most important citrus species. Cedar, pomelo and mandarin - believed to be the ancestral ones - come from areas with a humid tropical monsoon climate. In the form of small trees or shrubs, protected from the cold and arid winds of the Mongolian steppes and Himalayan ice, they highlight an original correspondence to the undergrowth environments of th etropical forest with their luxuriant foliage, rich in chlorophyll, and shallow root system. The first citrus species to arrive in the subtropical Mediterranean regions was, in classical times, the cedar. Read RINALDI, Bianca Maria - Politecnico di Torino L’IMBARAZZO DELLA TRADUZIONE. I GIARDINI CINESI NELLE DESCRIZIONI DEI VIAGGIATORI EUROPEI pag.103 Spoiled for translation. Chinese gardens in the descriptions of European travelers Abstract: In 1690, Sir William Temple, one of the earlier theorists of the landscape garden and the first to propose the gardens of China as a typological reference for the “irregular” style being developed in England, coined the term “Sharawadgi” to express, albeit vaguely, the aesthetic of irregularity he perceived in Chinese gardens. More solid efforts were made by Western travelers visiting China, who played a crucial role in shaping the Western idea of the Chinese garden. Between the 17th and the 19th century, their successful and widely published writings contributed to progressively revealing the Chinese garden as an autonomous typology characterized by naturalness, irregularity and variety. The essay examines the attempts by Western travelers to decode the forms of the gardens they saw in China and discusses the rhetorical patterns they used to convey their readers an ever more tangible image of the Chines garden. Read WANG, Lianming - Heidelberg University THE LAST GIFT FROM BEIJING: JESUIT BOTANISTS AND THE EUROPEAN QUEST FOR CHINESE PLANTS pag.127 L’ultimo dono da Pechino: i botanisti gesuiti e la ricerca europea di piante cinesi * Abstract: Attraverso la lettura attenta di un dipinto di grande formato in cui è presente una varietà di specie botaniche, attualmente conservato presso la Bibliothèque nationale de France, il contributo cerca di rintracciare il graduale mutamento degli scambi botanici sinoeuropei, effetto del movimento fisiocratico. La committenza del dipinto, attribuito ai missionari gesuiti che si trovavano presso la residenza di Beitang, può rivelare non solo le sue possibili fonti e i protagonisti implicati, ma anche le modalità con le quali le reti globali di conoscenza erano stabilite nel XVIII secolo. Il saggio identifica le piante rappresentate nel dipinto, collegandole al più ampio contesto delle pratiche botaniche dei gesuiti a Pechino, e sottolineando che le piante cinesi da giardino, più che le erbe o altri tipi di flora esotica, costituivano il principale oggetto di desiderio dei committenti europei. Dietro tale domanda, vi era la convinzione dei fisiocratici che la superiorità dell’agricoltura cinese avrebbe dato spinta all’economia, portando vantaggi alle società europee. Il contributo fornisce infine un contesto alla committenza del dipinto, considerandolo come una delle rappresentazioni ordinate da Henri- Léonard Jean-Baptiste Bertin (1720-1792), figura chiave del movimento fisiocratico francese nonché degli scambi sino-europei nel XVIII secolo. Through the careful reading of a large-format painting displaying a variety of botanical species, currently preserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the contribution seeks to trace the gradual change in Sino-European botanical exchanges, an effect of the physiocratic movement. The commissioning of the painting, attributed to the Jesuit missionaries who lived at the Beitang residence, can reveal not only its possible sources and the protagonists involved, but also the ways in which global networks of knowledge were established in the eighteenth century. The essay identifies the plants represented in the painting, linking them to the wider context of the Jesuit botanical practices in Beijing, and emphasizing how Chinese garden plants, more than herbs or other types of exotic flora, were the main object of desire of the European patrons. Behind this demand was the Physiocrats' belief that the superiority of Chinese agriculture would have boosted the economy, bringing benefits to European societies. Finally, the article provides a context for the commissioning of the painting, considering it as one of the paintings ordered by Henri-Léonard Jean-Baptiste Bertin (1720-1792), a key figure in the French physiocratic movement as well as in Sino-European exchanges in the eighteenth century. Read *NOTA Articoli in inglese, traduzione italiana disponibile su richiesta |
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